PAULINSKILL VALLEY TRAIL
Warren and Sussex County, NJ

Directions (Columbia end):

From I-80, take Route 94 north one mile; turn right onto Brugler Road; the trailhead is on the left after going over a small bridge; but continue to the next intersection; turn right on Warrington Road; cross the Paulinskill River; park on the left in a small parking lot.

Geology:

As the name suggests, the right-of-way generally follows the valley of the Paulinskill River. Most of the trail lies on riverine or glacial deposits, but outcrops of Kittatinny limestone occur in the vicinity of Hainesburg Junction and Paulina, and some isolated patches of Jacksonburg limestone show up just north of Hainesburg Junction, northwest of the railroad bed and across the river. Between Halsey and Warbasse Junction, the railroad bed crosses the Martinsburg shale, which can be seen in the railroad cuts in the area, then passes again over Kittatinny limestone.

The Paulins Kill Watershed Group and its tributaries include townships from southern Sussex and northern Warren Counties and drain an area of about 157 square miles. The access sites include the Lafayette Township Park; Swartswood State Park; the Paulins Kill Wildlife Management Area and Columbia Lake Wildlife Management Area.  The watersheds in the watershed group include the Upper Paulins Kill, Trout Book, Lower Paulins Kill and Delawanna Creek and Stony Brook.

(Source: http://216.239.37.104/search?q=cache:C53oyhIhQC4J:www.upperdelaware.org/
Documents/tech_rep/recreation/Recreation.pdf+%22Hainesville+Wildlife+Management+Area%22&hl=en&ie=UTF-8)

History:

The name Paulins Kill makes reference to Paulina, daughter of a Hessian soldier.

This railroad route was originally used to transport agricultural products and Pennsylvania coal to the cities of eastern New Jersey and New York City.

1876  --  railroad operations begin when the Blairstown Railroad runs a line from Blairstown to Columbia. It was built by John I. Blair. 

1881  --  the Midland Rail buys the line to make it part of its line to Jersey City.  This line taken over by the New York, Susquehanna, and Western Railroad ( NYS&W).

1960  --  service ceases.

1962  -- the rails removed. 

1993  --  the State of New Jersey acquires the land.

(Source: Della Penna, 1999: chapter 18.)

2002 (July 31) --  Green Acres added the property formerly known as the Cedar Lake Horse Farm in Blairstown Township, Warren County to New Jersey's system of open space. The property, located northeast of Cedar Lake, comprises over 100 acres including a parcel of 42 acres between the Paulins Kill and the Paulins Kill Valley trail.  (Source: http://www.state.nj.us/dep/greenacres/archive.htm)

Two training rings, a number of paddocks and pastures as well as three barns containing over 100 horse stalls were included with the purchase. The property will allow fishing access along the Paulins Kill, and acts as floodway protection for Blairstown and surrounding areas.  The Division of Parks and Forestry, Kittatinny Valley State Park will operate the facility. A management plan is being developed that will allow for a multi-purpose equestrian facility. Horse camping, trail rides, event training, boarding, and handicapped riding facilities, are among the activities being considered.  The property commands a spectacular view of the Kittatinny Ridge and when opened will allow excellent access to the 26 mile Paulins Kill Valley Trail.  (Source: http://www.state.nj.us/dep/greenacres/cedarlake.htm)

Trail:

The Paulinskill Valley Trail follows the abandoned New York, Susquehanna, and Western Railroad right-of-way for 27 miles, beginning at Sparta Junction in Sussex County and terminating between Hainesburg and Columbia in Warren County. The overall area of the right-of-way is approximately 193 acres.

Fron southest to northeast some of the towns the trail goes through are Columbia, Hainesburg, Blairstown, Paulins Kill (Paulins Kill Lake here), Washingtonville, Halsey, Warbasse, and Sparta Junction.  

For most of its length the right-of-way is 60 feet wide, though it becomes wider where there were stations, junctions, and sidings.

Sussex County
Sparta Junction, Kastern Terminus, Sparta Township; 0.00/27.36
Limecrest Road Parking
Bridge #1, Lafayette Township 0.36/27.00
Bridge #2, Lafayette Township 0.83/26.53
County Route 623, Lafayette Township 0.84/26.52
Garrison Road, Lafayette, Township 1.62/25.74
Bridge #3, Lafayette Township 1.68/25.10
Sussex Branch Trail, Lafayette Township 2.24/25.12
County Route 663, Lafayette Township 2.28/25.08 Parking
Bridge #4, Lafayette Township 2.36/25.00
Route 94, Hampton Township 3.48/23.88
Route 206, Hampton Township 4.11/23.25
County Route 519, Halsey, Hampton Township 5.19/22.17
Downder Road, Hampton Township 5.36/22.00
Plotts Road, Hampton Township 7.26/20.10
County Route 622, Hampton Township 8.21/19.15 Parking
County Route 614, Stillwater/Fredon Township 10.57/16.79
Kohlbocker Road, Stillwater/Fredon Township 10.93/16.43
County Route 610, Stillwater/Fredon Township 11.73/15.63
Stillwater, Station Road, Stillwater/Fredon Township 12.36/15.00
Wall Street, Stillwater/Fredon Township 12.71/14.65
Cedar Ridge Road, Stillwater/Fredon Township 13.29 /14.07

Warren County
Herfoot Road, Frelinghuysen Township 14.65/12.73
Stillwater Road, Frelinghuysen Township 15.05/12.31
Bridge #5, ,Frelinghuysen/Hardwick Township 16.12/11.24
Spring Valley Road, Hardwick Township 16.83/10.53 Parking
Bridge #6, Frelinghuysen/Hardwick Township 18.03/9.33
Bridge #7, Frelinghuysen/Hardwick Township 18.65/8.71
East Crisman Road, Blairstown Township 19.08/8.20
Bridge #8, Blairstown Township 19.23/8.13
Route 94, Blairstown Township 19.77/7.59 Parking
Foot Bridge Park, Blairstown Township 19.98/7.30
Lambert Road, Blairstown Township 21.94/5.42
Gwinnup Road, Blairstown Township 23.12/4.24
County Route 655, Blairstown Township 23.57/3.79
West Crisman Road, Blairstown Township 24.62/2.74
Bridge #9, Knowlton Township 24.94/2.42
Station Road, Knowlton Township 25.92/1.44
Erie Lackawanna Viaduct, Knowlton Township 26.19/1.17
Brugler Road, Knowlton Township 27.36/0.00

PLANT LIST
Karl Anderson

Plants noted during a 1991-1992 Botanical inventory of the trail for the Paulinskill
Valley Trail Committee, with a few additions from a Delaware Valley Fern Society trip on August 19, 2000, and a Torrey trip on August 4, 2001, as noted. Note that this list includes only species found within the trail right-of-way.

Scientific nomenclature is generally per Gleason & Cronquist, Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada - Second Edition (New York Botanical Garden, 1991).

English names from a variety of sources.

Note: Species frequency definitions are somewhat subjective, but in general an abundant species is one that is present and easily found in all areas of suitable habitat, and areas of its habitat are extensive. A common species is one that appears to be present at low density in all areas of suitable habitat, but may require some searching; or, plant may be present in good numbers (over a hundred plants total) but in only a few locations. An uncommon species is one that is not present in all areas of suitable habitat, but has more than ten individuals or small stations. An occasional species is one for which fewer than ten individuals or small stations were noted. Habitats listed for species are those most typical for the species, or the habitat in which a particular species was actually found, and not necessarily all the habitats in which a species occurs.

Trees:
Acer negundo (box elder) (common; wetlands and damp woods)
Acer platanoides (Norway maple) (uncommon; woods and thickets)
Acer rubrum (red maple) (abundant; wetlands and damp woods)
Acer saccharinum (silver maple) (common; damp woods)
Acer saccharum (sugar maple) (abundant; woods)
Aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut) (occasional; woods)
Ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven) (uncommon; fields and road crossings)
Amelanchier arborea (downy juneberry) (uncommon; woods)
Betula lenta (black birch) (common; woods)
Betula populifolia (gray birch) (common; woods)
Carpinus caroliniana (ironwood) (common; woods)
Carya cordiformis (bitternut hickory) (uncommon; woods)
Carya ovata (shagbark hickory) (common; woods)
Carya tomentosa (mockernut hickory) (occasional; woods)
Castanea dentata (American chestnut) (occasional; woods)
Castanea mollissima (Oriental chestnut) (occasional; woods)
Catalpa sp. (catalpa) (occasional; woods and road crossings)
Celtis occidentalis (hackberry) (common; woods)
Cornus florida (flowering dogwood) (uncommon; woods)
Crataegus crus-galli (cockspur hawthorn) (occasional; thickets)
Fagus grandifolia (American beech) (uncommon; dry woods)
Fraxinus americana (white ash) (common; woods)
Fraxinus pensylvanica (green ash) (uncommon; damp woods)
Ilex opaca (American holly) (occasional; trailside)
Juglans nigra (black walnut) (uncommon; woods)
Juniperus virginiana (red cedar) (common; dry woods)
Liriodendron tulipifera (tulip tree) (common; woods)
Morus alba (white mulberry) (uncommon; thickets)
Pinus strobus (white pine) (occasional; woods)
Platanus occidentalis (sycamore) (uncommon; wetlands)
Populus deltoides (cottonwood) (occasional; fields)
Populus grandidentata (big-toothed aspen) (uncommon; woods)
Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) (uncommon; woods)
Prunus avium (sweet cherry) (occasional; woods)
Prunus serotina (black cherry) (common; woods and thickets)
Prunus virginiana (chokecherry) (common; thickets)
Pyrus malus (apple) (occasional; woods)
Quercus alba (white oak) (common; dry woods)
Quercus bicolor (swamp white oak) (uncommon; wetlands and damp woods)
Quercus palustris (pin oak) (uncommon; wetlands and damp woods)
Quercus prinus (chestnut oak) (common; dry woods)
Quercus rubra (red oak) (common; woods)
Quercus velutina (black oak) (common; woods)
Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust) (occasional; woods)
Salix alba (white willow) (occasional; wetlands)
Salix babylonica (weeping willow) (occasional; wetlands)
Sassafras albidum (sassafras) (common; woods)
Tilia americana (basswood) (uncommon; woods)
Tsuga canadensis (eastern hemlock) (common; woods)
Ulmus americana (American elm) (abundant; damp woods)
Ulmus rubra (slippery elm) (occasional; woods)

Shrubs and Sub-shrubs:
Alnus serrulata (smooth alder) (uncommon; wetlands)
Berberis thunbergii (Japanese barberry) (common; woods and thickets)
Cephalanthus occidentalis (buttonbush) (occasional; wetlands)
Chimaphila maculata (spotted wintergreen) (common; woods)
Comptonia peregrina (sweet fern) (uncommon; dry woods)
Cornus alternifolia (alternate-leaved dogwood) (common; woods)
Cornus amomum (silky dogwood) (common; wetlands and damp woods)
Cornus racemosa (gray dogwood) (common; dry woods and thickets)
Cornus sericea (red osier dogwood) (occasional; wetlands)
Corylus americana (American hazel) (common; woods)
Corylus cornuta (beaked hazel) (occasional; woods)
Diervilla lonicera (bush honeysuckle) (uncommon; woods)
Elaeagnus umbellata (autumn olive) (uncommon; fields and thickets)
Euonymus alatus (winged euonymus) (occasional; thickets)
Gaylussacia baccata (black huckleberry) (common; dry woods)
Hamamelis virginiana (witch hazel) (common; woods)
Hydrangea arborescens (wild hydrangea) (occasional; woods)
Hypericum prolificum (shrubby Saint John's-wort) (occasional; trailsides)
Ilex verticillata (winterberry) (occasional; wetlands)
Kalmia angustifolia (sheep laurel) (occasional; woods)
Kalmia latifolia (mountain laurel) (uncommon; woods)
Ligustrum vulgare (common privet) (occasional; trailsides)
Lindera benzoin (spicebush) (common; damp woods)
Lonicera morrowii (Morrow honeysuckle) (abundant; woods and thickets)
Rhamnus cathartica (common buckthorn) (occasional; woods)
Rhododendron maximum (great laurel) (occasional; rock faces)
Rhododendron periclymenoides (pinxter flower) (uncommon; woods)
Rhus glabra (smooth sumac) (common; woods and thickets)
Rhus typhina (staghorn sumac) (common; woods and thickets)
Ribes americanum (wild black currant) occasional; woods)
Ribes sativum (garden red currant) (uncommon; woods)
Rosa carolina (pasture rose) (occasional; fields)
Rosa multiflora (multiflora rose) (common; thickets and road crossings)
Rubus alleghaniensis (Alleghany blackberry) (uncommon; thickets and road crossings)
Rubus flagellaris (dewberry) (common; dry woods)
Rubus occidentalis (black raspberry) (common; thickets and road crossings)
Rubus phoenicolasius (wineberry) (common; woods and thickets)
Salix discolor (pussy willow) (occasional; wetlands)
Sambucus canadensis (common elder) (common; wetlands)
Senna hebecarpa (wild senna) (occasional; thickets)
Spiraea alba var. latifolia (meadowsweet) (occasional; thickets)
Spiraea tomentosa (steeplebush) (occasional; thickets)
Staphylea trifolia (bladdernut) (uncommon; woods)
Syringa vulgaris (lilac) (occasional; thickets)
Vaccinium corymbosum (highbush blueberry) (occasional; woods)
Vaccinium pallidum (early low blueberry) (common; dry woods)
Vaccinium stamineum (deerberry) (occasional; dry woods)
Viburnum acerifolium (maple-leaved viburnum) (common; woods)
Viburnum lentago (nannyberry) (uncommon; damp woods)
Viburnum opulus var. americanum (cranberry viburnum) (occasional; damp woods)
Viburnum prunifolium (black haw) (common; woods)
Viburnum dentatum (arrowwood) (common; damp woods)

Vines:
Amphicarpaea bracteata (hog peanut) (common; woods)
Apios americana (groundnut) (uncommon; thickets)
Calystegia sepium (hedge bindweed) (occasional; thickets)
Campsis radicans (trumpet creeper) (occasional; trailsides)
Celastrus orbiculatus (Asiatic bittersweet) (uncommon; woods and thickets)
Clematis virginiana (virgin's bower) (uncommon; woods)
Cuscuta gronovii (dodder) (occasional; thickets)
Dioscorea villosa (wild yamroot) (uncommon; woods)
Humulus lupulus (common hops) (occasional; thickets)
Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle) (uncommon; thickets)
Lonicera sempervirens (coral honeysuckle) (uncommon; woods)
Menispermum canadense (Canada moonseed) (common; thickets)
Mikania scandens (climbing hempweed) (occasional; wetlands)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia creeper) (common; woods and thickets)
Polygonum scandens (climbing false buckwheat) (occasional; thickets)
Sicyos angulatus (one-seeded bur cucumber) (uncommon; thickets)
Smilax herbacea (carrion flower) (uncommon; woods)
Smilax rotundifolia (common greenbrier) (occasional; thickets)
Solanum dulcamara (bittersweet nightshade) (occasional; thickets)
Toxicodendron radicans (poison ivy) (abundant; woods and thickets)
Vitis labrusca (fox grape) (uncommon; thickets)
Vitis riparia (riverbank grape) (common; woods and thickets)
Wisteria sinensis (Chinese wisteria) (occasional; woods)

Broad-leaved Herbs:
Abutilon theophrasti (velvetleaf) (occasional; road crossings)
Acalypha rhomboidea (three-seeded mercury) (occasional; trailsides)
Achillea millefolium (yarrow) (common; fields and road crossings)
Actaea alba (white baneberry) (uncommon; woods)
Actaea rubra (red baneberry) (occasional; woods)
Agastache nepetoides (yellow giant hyssop) (occasional; thickets)
Agrimonia pubescens (downy agrimony) (occasional; woods)
Alisma subcordatum (small water plantain) (occasional; wetlands)
Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) (abundant; woods and fields)
Allium canadense (meadow garlic) (uncommon; damp woods)
Allium tricoccum (wild leek) (common; woods)
Allium vineale (field garlic) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Amaranthus albus (white amaranth) (occasional; road crossings)
Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) (abundant; road crossings and trailsides)
Ambrosia trifida (great ragweed) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Anemone quinquefolia (wood anemone) (occasional; woods)
Anemone virginiana (thimbleweed) (uncommon; damp woods)
Anemonella thalictroides (rue anemone) (common; woods)
Angelica atropurpurea (great angelica) (occasional; wetlands)
Antennaria neglecta (field pussytoes) (common; fields and trailsides)
Antennaria plantaginifolia (plantain-leaved pussytoes) (uncommon; dry woods)
Anthemis arvensis (field chamomile) (occasional; road crossings)
Apocynum androsaemifolium (spreading dogbane) (occasional; fields and road crossings)
Apocynum cannabinum (Indian hemp) (uncommon; fields and road crossings)
Aquilegia canadensis (wild columbine) (common; dry woods and rock faces)
Aquilegia vulgaris (blue columbine) (occasional; trailsides)
Arabidopsis thaliana (mouse-ear cress) (uncommon; rock faces and trailsides)
Arabis glabra (tower mustard) (uncommon; trailsides)
Arabis laevigata (smooth rock cress) (common; rock faces and trailsides)
Aralia nudicaulis (wild sarsaparilla) (uncommon; dry woods)
Aralia racemosa (spikenard) (occasional; woods)
Arctium minus (common burdock) (common; fields and road crossings)
Arenaria lateriflora (grove sandwort) (occasional; trailsides)
Arenaria serpyllifolia (thyme-leaved sandwort) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Arisaema triphyllum (jack-in-the-pulpit) (common; woods)
Artemisia annua (annual wormwood) (occasional; road crossings)
Artemisia vulgaris (mugwort) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Asarum canadense (wild ginger) (common; woods)
Asclepias syriaca (common milkweed) (common; fields and road crossings)
Asparagus officinalis (asparagus) (occasional; fields)
Aster cordifolius (heart-leaved aster) (common; woods)
Aster divaricatus (white wood aster) (common; woods)
Aster lanceolatus (panicled aster) (common; woods)
Aster lowrieanus (Lowrie's aster) (uncommon; woods)
Aster novae-angliae (New England aster) (occasional; fields)
Aster pilosus (heath aster) (occasional; trailsides)
Aster schreberi (Schreber's aster) (common; woods)
Baptisia tinctoria (wild indigo) (uncommon; trailsides)
Barbarea vulgaris (common wintercress) (common; fields and road crossings)
Bidens cernua (nodding bur marigold) (uncommon; wetlands)
Bidens connata (swamp beggar ticks) (occasional; wetlands)
Bidens frondosa (beggar ticks) (common; wetlands)
Boehmeria cylindrica (false nettle) (common; wetlands)
Callitriche heterophylla (water starwort) (occasional; wetlands)
Caltha palustris (marsh marigold) (uncommon; wetlands)
Campanula aparinoides (marsh bellflower) (occasional; wetlands)
Capsella bursa-pastoris (shepherd's purse) (uncommon; road crossings)
Cardamine concatenata (cut-leaved toothwort) (uncommon; damp woods)
Cardamine pensylvanica (Pennsylvania bittercress) (uncommon; wetlands)
Cardamine rhomboidea (spring cress) (uncommon; wetlands)
Carduus acanthoides (plumeless thistle) (occasional; trailsides)
Caulophyllum thalictroides (blue cohosh) (uncommon; woods)
Centaurea jacea (brown knapweed) (occasional; road crossings)
Centaurea maculosa (spotted knapweed) (abundant; fields and trailsides)
Cerastium vulgatum (mouse-ear chickweed) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Chamaecrista nictitans (wild sensitive plant) (uncommon; trailsides)
Chelidonium majus (celandine) (common; woods and trailsides)
Chelone glabra (turtlehead) (uncommon; wetlands)
Chenopodium album (lamb's quarters) (occasional; road crossings)
Chenopodium ambrosioides (Mexican tea) (occasional; road crossings)
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum (ox-eye daisy) (common; fields and road crossings)
Cichorium intybus (chicory) (uncommon; fields and road crossings)
Cicuta bulbifera (bulb-bearing water hemlock) (occasional; wetlands)
Cicuta maculata (water hemlock) (occasional; wetlands)
Cimicifuga racemosa (black snakeroot) (occasional; woods)
Circaea lutetiana (enchanter's nightshade) (common; woods)
Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle) (occasional; fields and road crossings)
Cirsium vulgare (bull thistle) (occasional; fields and road crossings)
Claytonia virginica (spring beauty) (uncommon; damp woods)
Collinsonia canadensis (horse balm) (common; woods)
Comandra umbellata (bastard toadflax) (occasional; dry woods)
Commelina communis (Asiatic dayflower) (occasional; road crossings)
Conopholis americana (squawroot) (occasional; woods)
Conyza canadensis (horseweed) (uncommon; fields and road crossings)
Corallorhiza maculata (large coralroot) (occasional; woods) (9-04-01)
Coronilla varia (crown vetch) (uncommon; fields and road crossings)
Cryptotaenia canadensis (honewort) (common; woods)
Cunila origanoides (dittany) (occasional; dry woods)
Cypripedium acaule (pink lady's slipper) (occasional; dry woods)
Daucus carota (wild carrot) (common; fields and road crossings)
Desmodium canadense (showy tick-trefoil) (uncommon; fields and trailsides)
Desmodium ciliare (hairy small-leaved tick-trefoil) (occasional; trailsides)
Desmodium glutinosum ( pointed-leaved tick-trefoil) (uncommon; woods)
Desmodium paniculatum (panicled tick-trefoil) (uncommon; trailsides)
Dianthus armeria (Deptford pink) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Dicentra cucullaria (Dutchman's breeches) (common; woods)
Dipsacus sylvestris (teasel) (uncommon; fields and roadsides)
Duchesnea indica (Indian strawberry) (occasional; trailsides)
Echium vulgare (viper's bugloss) (occasional; road crossings)
Epilobium coloratum (purple-leaved willow-herb) (uncommon; wetlands)
Epipactis helleborine (helleborine) (occasional; trailsides)
Erechtites hieraciifolia (pilewort) (uncommon; fields and road crossings)
Erigeron annuus (daisy fleabane) (uncommon; road crossings and trailsides)
Erigeron philadelphicus (Philadelphia fleabane) (common; fields and trailsides)
Erigeron pulchellus (robin's plantain) (occasional; fields and woods)
Erysimum repandum (treacle mustard) (occasional; road crossings)
Erythronium americanum (trout lily) (common; damp woods)
Eupatorium fistulosum (hollow-stemmed Joe-Pye weed) (occasional; fields and woods)
Eupatorium perfoliatum (boneset) (occasional; wetlands)
Eupatorium purpureum (sweet-scented Joe-Pye weed) (occasional; woods)
Eupatorium rugosum (white snakeroot) (abundant; woods and trailsides)
Eupatorium sessilifolium (upland boneset) (uncommon; woods)
Euphorbia cyparissias (cypress spurge) (common; fields and trailsides)
Euphorbia maculata (milk purslane) (occasional; trailsides)
Euphorbia nutans (upright spotted spurge) (occasional; trailsides)
Euthamia graminifolia (grass-leaved goldenrod) (common; fields)
Floerkea proserpinacoides (false mermaidweed) (common; damp woods and trailsides)
Fragaria virginiana (wild strawberry) (common; fields and trailsides)
Galinsoga quadriradiata (hairy galinsoga) (common; trailsides)
Galium aparine (cleavers) (common; fields and trailsides)
Galium circaezens (wild licorice) (uncommon; woods)
Galium lanceolatum (lance-leaved wild licorice) (occasional; dry woods)
Galium mollugo (wild madder) (common; thickets and trailsides)
Galium palustre (marsh bedstraw) (occasional; wetlands)
Gaultheria procumbens (wintergreen) (uncommon; dry woods)
Geranium maculatum (wild geranium) common; woods)
Geranium robertianum (herb Robert) (occasional; woods)
Geranium sibiricum (Siberian cranesbill) (common; woods and trailsides)
Geum canadense (white avens) (common; woods)
Geum laciniatum (rough avens) (occasional; wetlands and damp woods)
Geum vernum (spring avens) (common; trailsides)
Glechoma hederacea (gill over the ground) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Gnaphalium obtusifolium (sweet everlasting) (occasional; fields)
Goodyera pubescens (downy rattlesnake-plantain) (uncommon; woods)
Gratiola neglecta (clammy hedge hyssop) (occasional; wet trailside) (9-04-01)
Hackelia virginiana (Virginia stickseed) (common; woods)
Hedeoma pulegioides (American pennyroyal) (occasional; dry woods)
Helianthemum bicknellii (hoary frostweed) (occasional; dry woods)
Helianthus decapetalus (thin-leaved sunflower) (uncommon; woods)
Helianthus divaricatus (woodland sunflower) (uncommon; woods)
Hemerocallis fulva (tawny day-lily) (uncommon; road crossings and trailsides)
Hepatica americana (round-lobed hepatica) (occasional; woods)
Hesperis matronalis (dame's rocket) (uncommon; fields and trailsides)
Heuchera americana (alumroot) (uncommon; woods)
Hieracium caespitosum (king devil) (uncommon; fields and trailsides)
Hieracium paniculatum (panicled hawkweed) (uncommon; dry woods and trailsides)
Hieracium piloselloides (glaucous king devil) (uncommon; dry woods and trailsides)
Hieracium scabrum (rough hawkweed) (occasional; dry woods)
Hieracium venosum (rattlesnake weed) (uncommon; dry woods)
Hydrophyllum virginianum (Virginia waterleaf) (common; damp woods and wetlands)
Hypericum perforatum (common Saint John-s-wort) (occasional; road crossings)
Hypericum punctatum (spotted Saint John's-wort) (occasional; road crossings)
Impatiens capensis (spotted touch-me-not) (abundant; wetlands)
Impatiens pallida (pale touch-me-not) (common; wetlands)
Iris germanica (garden iris) (occasional; trailsides)
Iris pseudacorus (yellow flag ) (uncommon; wetlands)
Iris versicolor (large blue flag) (uncommon; wetlands)
Krigia biflora (two-flowered Cynthia) (uncommon; dry woods)
Lactuca biennis (tall blue lettuce) (uncommon; trailsides)
Lactuca canadensis (wild lettuce) (uncommon; fields and trailsides)
Lamiastrum galeobdolon (yellow dead-nettle) (occasional; trailsides)
Lamium amplexicaule (henbit) (occasional; trailsides)
Lamium purpureum (purple dead-nettle) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Laportea canadensis (wood nettle) (common; damp woods)
Lapsana communis (nipplewort) (occasional; trailsides)
Lathyrus palustris (marsh vetchling) (occasional; wetlands)
Lemna minor (lesser duckweed) (abundant; wetlands)
Leonurus cardiaca (motherwort) (uncommon; road crossings and trailsides)
Lepidium campestre (field pepper grass) (uncommon; fields and road crossings)
Lepidium virginicum (pepper grass) (uncommon; road crossings and trailsides)
Lespedeza capitata (round-headed bush clover) (uncommon; trailsides)
Lilium lancifolium (tiger lily) (occasional; trailsides)
Linaria vulgaris (butter-and-eggs) (uncommon; fields and trailsides)
Lindernia dubia (false pimpernel) (occasional; wetlands)
Lobelia cardinalis (cardinal flower) (occasional; wetlands)
Lobelia inflata (Indian tobacco) (occasional; fields)
Lobelia siphilitica (great lobelia) (uncommon; fields and wetlands)
Ludwigia palustris (water purslane) (occasional; wetlands)
Lunaria annua (money plant) (occasional; trailsides)
Lycopus americanus (cut-leaved water horehound) (occasional; trailsides and wetlands)
Lycopus uniflorus (northern bugleweed) (occasional; wetlands)
Lysimachia ciliata (fringed loosestrife) (uncommon; wetlands and damp woods)
Lysimachia nummularia (moneywort) (occasional; damp woods)
Lysimachia quadrifolia (whorled loosestrife) (occasional; dry woods)
Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) (uncommon; wetlands)
Maianthemum canadense (Canada mayflower) (abundant; woods)
Malva neglecta (common mallow) (occasional; road crossings)
Matricaria matricarioides (pineapple weed) (uncommon; trailsides)
Medicago lupulina (black medick) (uncommon; road crossings and trailsides)
Medicago sativa (alfalfa) (occasional; trailsides)
Melilotus alba (white sweet clover) (common; fields and road crossings)
Melilotus officinalis (yellow sweet clover) (common; fields and road crossings)
Mirabilis nyctaginea (wild four o'clock) (occasional; trailsides)
Mitchella repens (partridgeberry) (occasional; woods)
Mitella diphylla (mitrewort) (occasional; woods)
Mollugo verticillata (carpetweed) (occasional; trailsides)
Monarda fistulosa (wild bergamot) (common; fields and trailsides)
Monotropa uniflora (Indian pipe) (occasional; woods)
Myosotis laxa (smaller forget-me-not) (occasional; wetlands)
Myosotis scorpioides (forget-me-not) (uncommon; wetlands)
Nepeta cataria (catnip) (occasional; trailsides)
Oenothera biennis (evening primrose) (common; fields and road crossings)
Orchis spectabilis (showy orchis) (occasional; woods)
Ornithogalum umbellatum (star of Bethlehem) (occasional; trailsides)
Osmorhiza claytoni (sweet cicely) (common; woods)
Osmorhiza longistylis (aniseroot) (common; woods)
Oxalis stricta (yellow wood sorrel) (uncommon; trailsides)
Paronychia canadensis (slender forked chickweed) (abundant; trailsides)
Pastinaca sativa (wild parsnip) (common; fields and road crossings)
Pedicularis canadensis (wood betony) (occasional; woods)
Peltandra virginica (arrow arum) (uncommon; wetlands)
Penstemon digitalis (foxglove beardtongue) (common; fields and trailsides)
Phlox divaricata (wild blue phlox) (uncommon; woods)
Phlox paniculata (garden phlox) (uncommon; woods and trailsides)
Phryma leptostachya (lopseed) (occasional; woods)
Physalis longifolia var. subglabrata (smooth ground cherry) (occasional; trailsides)
Phytolacca americana (pokeweed) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Pilea pumila (clearweed) (abundant; wetlands and trailsides)
Pimpinella saxifraga (burnet saxifrage) (occasional; trailsides)
Plantago lanceolata (English plantain) (uncommon; fields and road crossings)
Plantago major (common plantain) (occasional; road crossings)
Plantago rugelii (red-stemmed plantain) (uncommon; road crossings and trailsides)
Podophyllum peltatum (mayapple) (abundant; woods)
Polygala paucifolia (fringed polygala) (uncommon; woods)
Polygala verticillata (whorled polygala) (occasional; fields)
Polygonatum biflorum (Solomon's seal) (common; woods)
Polygonatum pubescens (hairy Solomon's seal) (common; woods)
Polygonum arifolium (halberd-leaved tearthumb) (occasional; wetlands)
Polygonum aviculare (dooryard knotweed) (occasional; trailsides)
Polygonum cespitosum (cespitose knotweed) (common; trailsides)
Polygonum cuspidatum (Japanese knotweed) (occasional; fields and road crossings)
Polygonum lapathifolium (nodding smartweed) (occasional; road crossings and trailsides)
Polygonum punctatum (dotted smartweed) (occasional; wetlands)
Polygonum sagittatum (arrow-leaved tearthumb) (occasional; wetlands)
Polygonum virginianum (jumpseed) (common; woods and trailsides)
Pontederia cordata (pickerelweed) (occasional; wetlands)
Porteranthus trifoliatus (bowman's root) (occasional; dry woods)
Portulaca oleracea (purslane) (occasional; road crossings)
Potentilla argentea (silvery cinquefoil) (occasional; road crossings)
Potentilla canadensis (dwarf cinquefoil) (common; trailsides)
Potentilla norvegica (rough cinquefoil) (occasional; trailsides)
Potentilla recta (rough-fruited cinquefoil) (uncommon; fields and road crosings)
Potentilla simplex (common cinquefoil) (common; trailsides and road crossings)
Prenanthes alba (white rattlesnakeroot) (uncommon; woods)
Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall-of-the-earth) (occasional; woods)
Prunella vulgaris (self-heal) (abundant; road crossings and trailsides)
Pycnanthemum tenuifolium (narrow-leaved mountain mint) (occasional; dry woods)
Pyrola elliptica (shinleaf) (uncommon; dry woods)
Ranunculus abortivus (kidney-leaved buttercup) (common; damp woods and trailsides)
Ranunculus acris (tall buttercup) (uncommon; woods and trailsides)
Ranunculus bulbosus (bulbous buttercup) (uncommon; trailsides)
Ranunculus flabellaris (yellow water crowfoot) (occasional; wetlands)
Ranunculus hispidus (hispid buttercup) (uncommon; woods)
Ranunculus hispidus var. caricetorium (swamp buttercup) (uncommon; wetlands)
Ranunculus recurvatus (hooked crowfoot) (uncommon; damp woods)
Ranunculus sceleratus (cursed crowfoot) (uncommon; wetlands)
Rorippa sylvestris (creeping yellow cress) (occasional; trailsides) (9-19-00)
Rudbeckia hirta (black-eyed Susan) (occasional; fields and road crossings)
Rudbeckia laciniata (tall coneflower) (occasional; wetlands)
Rudbeckia triloba (thin-leaved coneflower) (uncommon; woods)
Rumex acetosella (sheep sorrel) (uncommon; fields and road crossings)
Rumex crispus (curled dock) (uncommon; road crossings and trailsides)
Rumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock) (occasional; road crossings)
Sagittaria latifolia (broad-leaved arrowhead) (occasional; wetlands)
Sanguinaria canadensis (bloodroot) (common; woods)
Sanguisorba canadensis (Canada burnet) (occasional; wetlands)
Sanicula canadensis (Canada snakeroot) (occasional; woods)
Sanicula gregaria (clustered snakeroot) (uncommon; woods)
Saponaria officinalis (soapwort) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Satureja vulgaris (wild basil) (occasional; road crossings)
Saururus cernuus (lizard's tail) (uncommon; wetlands)
Saxifraga virginiensis (early saxifrage) (common; woods and rock faces)
Scrophularia lanceolata (hare figwort) (uncommon; woods)
Scrophularia marilandica (carpenter's square) (occasional; woods)
Scutellaria lateriflora (mad-dog skullcap) (occasional; wetlands)
Sedum sarmentosum (stonecrop) (occasional; trailsides)
Sedum spurium (Caucasian stonecrop) (occasional; trailsides)
Sedum purpureum (live-forever) (occasional; rock faces and trailsides)
Senecio obovatus (round-leaved ragwort) (common; woods and trailsides)
Silene antirrhina (sleepy catchfly) (occasional; fields and trailsides)
Silene latifolia (white campion) (uncommon; fields and trailsides)
Silene vulgaris (bladder campion) (common; trailsides)
Sisyrinchium angustifolium (stout blue-eyed grass) (occasional; trailsides)
Sium suave (water parsnip) (occasional; wetlands)
Smilacina racemosa (false Solomon's-seal) (common; woods)
Smilacina stellata (starry false Solomon's-seal) (occasional; woods)
Solanum carolinense (horse nettle) (occasional; trailsides)
Solanum nigrum (black nightshade) (occasional; road crossings)
Solidago arguta (sharp-leaved goldenrod) (occasional; woods)
Solidago bicolor (silverrod) (uncommon; dry woods and trailsides)
Solidago caesia (blue-stemmed goldenrod) (common; woods)
Solidago canadensis (Canada goldenrod) (abundant; fields and trailsides)
Solidago flexicaulis (zig-zag goldenrod) (common; woods)
Solidago gigantea (late goldenrod) (uncommon; fields)
Solidago juncea (early goldenrod) (common; fields and trailsides)
Solidago nemoralis (gray goldenrod) (common; dry woods and trailsides)
Solidago patula (rough-leaved goldenrod) (occasional; woods)
Solidago rugosa (rough-stemmed goldenrod) (abundant; fields and trailsides)
Solidago ulmifolia (elm-leaved goldenrod) (occasional; woods)
Sparganium eurycarpum (broad-fruited bur-reed) (occasional; wetlands)
Spirodela polyrhiza (greater duckweed) (occasional; wetlands)
Stellaria aquatica (water chickweed) (occasional; trailsides)
Stellaria graminea (common stitchwort) (uncommon; wetlands)
Stellaria media (common chickweed) (abundant; road crossings and trailsides)
Symplocarpus foetidus (skunk cabbage) (abundant; wetlands)
Taraxacum officinale (common dandelion) (common; fields and road crossings)
Thalictrum dioicum (early meadow rue) (uncommon; woods)
Thalictrum pubescens (tall meadow rue) (uncommon; woods)
Thlaspi arvense (field pennycress) (occasional; road crossings)
Trichostema dichotomum (blue curls) (uncommon; trailsides)
Trifolium aureum (yellow hop clover) (occasional; fields and road crossings)
Trifolium dubium (least hop clover) (occasional; trailsides)
Trifolium hybridum (alsike clover) (occasional; road crossings)
Trifolium pratense (red clover) (common; fields and road crossings)
Trifolium repens (white clover) (common; fields and road crossings)
Trillium cernuum (nodding trillium) (occasional; woods)
Triodanis perfoliata (Venus' looking glass) (common; trailsides)
Tussilago farfara (coltsfoot) (common; wetlands and trailsides)
Typha angustifolia (narrow-leaved cattail) (uncommon; wetlands)
Typha latifolia (broad-leaved cattail) (common; wetlands)
Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis (slender nettle) (uncommon; damp woods)
Uvularia perfoliata (perfoliate bellwort) (occasional; woods)
Uvularia sessilifolia (wild oats) (occasional; woods)
Veratrum viride (white hellebore) (uncommon; wetlands)
Verbascum blattaria (moth mullein) (occasional; fields and road crossings)
Verbascum thapsus (common mullein) (uncommon; fields and road crossings)
Verbena urticifolia (white vervain) (uncommon; wetlands and trailsides)
Vernonia noveboracensis (New York ironweed) (occasional; fields)
Veronica anagallis-aquatica (water speedwell) (occasional; wetlands)
Veronica arvensis (corn speedwell) (common; fields and trailsides)
Veronica officinalis (common speedwell) (uncommon; trailsides)
Veronica peregrina (purslane speedwell) (occasional; trailsides)
Veronica persica (Persian speedwell) (occasional; road crossings)
Vicia angustifolia (narrow-leaved vetch) (occasional; fields and road crossings)
Vinca minor (common periwinkle) (common; woods and road crossings)
Viola blanda (sweet white violet) (occasional; wetlands)
Viola conspersa (dog violet) (common; woods)
Viola cucullata (marsh blue violet) (uncommon; wetlands)
Viola sagittata (ovate-leaved violet) (uncommon; dry woods and trailsides)
Viola pubescens var. eriocarpa (yellow forest violet) (common; woods)
Viola sororia (common blue violet) (common; woods and trailsides)
Waldsteinia fragarioides (barren strawberry) (occasional; woods)
Wolffia sp. (wolffia) (uncommon; wetlands)
Zizia aptera (heart-leaved Alexanders) (occasional; dry woods)
Zizia aurea (golden Alexanders) (common; woods)

Grasses:
Agrostis gigantea (red-top) (uncommon; fields)
Agrostis perennans (upland bent-grass) (uncommon; trailsides and woods)
Anthoxanthum odoratum (sweet vernal grass) (abundant; road crossings and trailsides)
Aristida dichotoma (poverty grass) (uncommon; trailsides)
Arrhenatherum elatius (tall oat-grass) (uncommon; woods and trailsides)
Bromus inermis (Hungarian brome) (common; fields and road crossings)
Bromus japonicus (Japanese brome) (uncommon; fields and road crossings)
Bromus tectorum (downy brome) (occasional; road crossings)
Calamagrostis canadensis (bluejoint grass) (uncommon; wetlands)
Cinna arundinacea (common wood-reed) (uncommon; damp woods and trailsides)
Dactylis glomerata (orchard grass) (common; fields and road crossings)
Danthonia spicata (common wild oat-grass) (uncommon; dry woods)
Digitaria ischaemum (small crabgrass) (abundant; road crossings and trailsides)
Digitaria sanguinalis (large crabgrass) (common; trailsides)
Echinochloa crusgalli (barnyard grass) (uncommon; road crossings and wetlands)
Eleusine indica (goose grass) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Elymus hystrix (bottle-brush grass) (uncommon; woods)
Elymus riparius (riverbank wild rye) (common; fields and trailsides)
Elymus villosus (slender wild rye) (uncommon; woods)
Elymus virginicus (Virginia wild rye) (uncommon; trailsides)
Elytrigia repens (quack grass) (occasional; road crossings)
Eragrostis capillaris (lace grass) (uncommon; trailsides)
Eragrostis cilianensis (stink grass) (uncommon; road crossings and trailsides)
Eragrostis frankii (Frank's love grass) (occasional; trailsides)
Eragrostis pectinacea (combed love grass) (uncommon; road crossings and trailsides)
Festuca pratensis (meadow fescue) (common; fields and road crossings)
Festuca subverticillata (nodding fescue) (uncommon; woods and trailsides)
Glyceria striata (fowl manna-grass) (uncommon; wetlands)
Leersia oryzoides (rice cutgrass) (uncommon; wetlands)
Leersia virginica (white grass) (common; trailsides)
Lolium perenne (perennial rye-grass) (uncommon; fields and trailsides)
Microstegium vimineum (stilt-grass) (abundant; trailsides)
Muhlenbergia frondosa (leafy dropseed) (uncommon; trailsides)
Muhlenbergia schreberi (nimble-will) (common; trailsides)
Muhlenbergia sobolifera (rock dropseed) (uncommon; trailsides)
Panicum clandestinum (deer-tongue grass) (common; fields and trailsides)
Panicum dichotomiflorum (spreading panic grass) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Panicum lanuginosum) (woolly panic-grass) (common; woods and trailsides)
Panicum latifolium (broad-leaved panic-grass) (occasional; woods)
Panicum linearifolium (linear-leaved panic-grass) (occasional; trailsides)
Panicum philadelphicum (wood witch grass) (occasional; road crossings and trailsides)
Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass) (common; wetlands and fields)
Phleum pratense (timothy) (common; fields and road crossings)
Phragmites australis (common reed) (uncommon; wetlands)
Poa alsodes (grove bluegrass) (uncommon; trailsides and woods)
Poa annua (annual bluegrass) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Poa compressa (Canada bluegrass) (common; dry woods and trailsides)
Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass) (common; fields and road crossings)
Poa trivialis (rough bluegrass) (occasional; trailsides)
Schizachyrium scoparium (little bluestem) (common; fields)
Setaria faberi (nodding foxtail) (common; road crossings)
Setaria glauca (yellow foxtail) (common; road crossings and trailsides)
Sorghastrum nutans (Indian grass) (occasional; fields)
Sphenopholis obtusata var. major (slender wedgegrass) (uncommon; woods and trailsides)
Sporobolus vaginiflorus (sheathed dropseed) (uncommon; road crossings and trailsides)
Tridens flavus (purpletop) (uncommon; fields)

Sedges and Rushes:
Bulbostylis capillaris (hair-like sedge) (uncommon; trailsides)
Carex amphibola (narrow-leaved sedge) (uncommon; woods)
Carex annectans (yellow-fruited sedge) (occasional; wetlands)
Carex blanda (woodland sedge) (uncommon; woods)
Carex comosa (bristly sedge) (occasional; wetlands)
Carex crinita (fringed sedge) (occasional; wetlands)
Carex davisii (Davis' sedge) (uncommon; woods)
Carex gracillima (graceful sedge) (occasional; woods)
Carex lurida (sallow sedge) (uncommon; wetlands)
Carex pensylvanica (Pennsylvania sedge) (abundant; dry woods)
Carex platyphylla (broad-leaved sedge) (occasional; dry woods)
Carex rosea (rose sedge) (common; woods)
Carex sparganioides (bur-reed sedge) (occasional; damp woods)
Carex stricta (tussock sedge) (common; wetlands)
Carex swanii (Swan's sedge) (occasional; woods)
Carex vulpinoidea (fox sedge) (uncommon; wetlands)
Cyperus bipartitus (shining cyperus) (occasional; wetlands)
Cyperus strigosus (straw-colored cyperus) (uncommon; wetlands and trailsides)
Eleocharis tenuis (slender spikerush) (uncommon; wetlands)
Juncus bufonius (toad rush) (occasional; wetlands)
Juncus tenuis (path rush) (common; trailsides)
Juncus tenuis var. dichotomus (forked rush) (occasional; trailsides)
Luzula multiflora (many-flowered wood-rush) (uncommon; woods)
Scirpus atrovirens (dark green bulrush) (occasional; wetlands)
Scirpus cyperinus (woolgrass) (occasional; wetlands)

Ferns and Fern Allies:
Adiantum pedatum (maidenhair fern) (common; woods)
Asplenium platyneuron (ebony spleenwort) (abundant; dry woods and rock faces)
Asplenium rhizophyllum (walking fern) (occasional; rock faces)
Asplenium ruta-muraria (wall-rue) (occasional; rock faces)
Asplenium trichomanes (maidenhair spleenwort) (uncommon; rock faces)
Athyrium filix-femina (lady fern) (common; woods)
Athyrium pycnocarpon (glade fern) (uncommon; damp woods)
Athyrium thelypteroides (silvery glade fern) (occasional; damp woods)
Botrychium matricariaefolium (daisyleaf grape fern) (occasional; trailsides) (9-04-01)
Botrychium virginianum (rattlesnake fern) (uncommon; damp woods)
Cystopteris bulbifera (bulblet fern) (occasional; rock faces)
Cystopteris fragilis var. mackayi (fragile fern) (common; rock faces and woods)
Dennstaedtia punctilobula (hay-scented fern) (abundant; woods and trailsides)
Dryopteris x boottii (Boott's wood fern) (occasional; wetlands)
Dryopteris x dowellii (hybrid wood fern) (occasional; wetlands) (9-04-01)
Dryopteris clintoniana (Clinton's wood fern) (occasional; wetlands) (9-19-00)
Dryopteris cristata (crested wood fern) (occasional; wetlands)
Dryopteris goldiana (Goldie's wood fern) (occasional; damp woods)
Dryopteris intermedia (evergreen wood fern) (common; woods)
Dryopteris marginalis (marginal wood fern) (common; woods and rock faces)
Dryopteris x triploidea (hybrid wood fern) (occasional; woods) (9-04-01)
Equisetum arvense (field horsetail) (abundant; wetlands and trailsides)
Equisetum fluviatile (water horsetail) (occasional; wetlands)
Equisetum hyemale (scouring rush) (uncommon; trailsides)
Lycopodium clavatum (running clubmoss) (occasional; dry woods)
Lycopodium digitatum (southern ground cedar) (uncommon; dry woods)
Lycopodium lucidulum (shining clubmoss) (occasional; woods)
Lycopodium obscurum (tree clubmoss) (occasional; woods)
Lycopodium hickeyi (Hickey's tree clubmoss) (occasional; trailside) (not per G. & C.) (9-19-00)
Matteuccia struthiopteris (ostrich fern) (occasional; wetlands and damp woods)
Onoclea sensibilis (sensitive fern) (abundant; wetlands and damp woods)
Osmunda cinnamomea (cinnamon fern) (uncommon; wetlands and damp woods)
Osmunda claytoniana (interrupted fern) (uncommon; damp woods)
Osmunda regalis (royal fern) (uncommon; wetlands)
Pellaea glabella (purple cliff-brake) (occasional; rock faces) (9-19-00)
Polypodium virginianum (common polypody) (abundant; rock faces)
Polystichum acrostichoides (Christmas fern) (abundant; woods)
Pteridium aquilinum (bracken) (common; woods)
Thelypteris noveboracensis (New York fern) (occasional; woods)
Thelypteris palustris (marsh fern) (uncommon; wetlands)
Thelypteris phegopteris (northern beech fern) (occasional; rock faces)
Woodsia obtusa (blunt-lobed woodsia) (occasional; rock faces)